How Dry Winter Air Can Cause Respiratory Problems— From Bronchitis to Nosebleeds

Few aspects of colder weather months can be as irritating as dry winter air. (Well, maybe when your snow plow service doesn’t show up!) From fly-away hair to scaly skin, the cold winter air can wreak havoc on your body’s appearance. But did you know that dry winter air also can make you vulnerable to illness?

Breathing dry air can cause respiratory ailments such as asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis and nosebleeds. Breathing dry air also can cause dehydration since body fluids are depleted during respiration.

“Your sinuses will dry out,” says family medicine physician Daniel Allan, MD. “The mucus that normally should be gooey and thick and can trap infection gets drier. So you’re more likely to get a cold because your mucus is not as able to catch things that you breathe in.”

Why you should use a humidifier

Cold winter air is dry because it holds less moisture than warm air. Because wintertime humidity is so low, what little moisture that is around is quickly sucked up into the air. So moisture evaporates more quickly from your body, which dries out your skin, makes a desert of the inside of your nose and leaves your throat parched.

One way to combat the dryness is to add a humidifier — either for the whole home or within certain rooms. Another effective way to add moisture to the air is to place large bowls of water around the home. The water evaporates and adds moisture.

Home humidity levels should be somewhere between 30% and 50%, Dr. Allan says. Don’t overdo the humidity. Too much can cause mold growth and encourage dust and possibly cause respiratory issues, he says.

Why you also need to up your hydration

If you’re already someone who is prone toward dehydration (we mean you with the dry, flaky, itchy winter skin), Dr. Allan recommends a few simple steps.

“Increasing your fluid intake is always good,” Dr. Allan says. “The other way to treat it from the inside is to take omega-3 supplements. That can help normalize the fat in your skin cells, which helps keep the moisture trapped, and helps keep the oils on the surface of your skin.”

Other tips for guarding against dry winter skin include:

1. Shorter showers.
2. Warm (instead of scalding hot) showers.
3. Apply a natural moisturizer (like coconut oil) before getting out of the shower to trap the moisture on top of your skin.